ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 18459 First edition 2015-05-15 Biomimetics Biomimetic structural optimization Biomimétisme-Optimisation biomimétique Reference number IS0 18459:2015(E) IS02015 IS0 18459:2015(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT IS0 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. IsOcopyrightoffice Ch. de Blandonnet 8 . CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 [email protected] www.iso.org ii @ IS0 2015 - All rights reserved IS0 18459:2015(E) Contents Page Foreword ..iv Introduction. .. 1 Scope. ..1 2 Normative references ..1 3 Terms and definitions 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms ..3 5 Principles of self-optimization in nature and hence transferred optimization methods....3 6 Application of methods. 5 6.1 Application range and limits .5 6.2 Computer Aided Optimization (CAO) .6 6.2.1 Stress-controlled growth .6 6.2.2 Shrinking .... .7 6.2.3 Finite elements in practical applications (FEA) .8 6.3 Soft Kill Option (SKO) .8 6.3.1 Principle of the SKO method. .8 6.3.2 Implementing the SKO principle in the finite element analysis ..9 6.3.3 Examples of applications of the SKO method. .11 6.4 Computer Aided Internal Optimization (CAIO) .12 6.4.1 Example of the CAIO method: bent cylinder .13 6.5 Method of Tensile Triangles. .14 6.5.1 General .14 6.5.2 Tensile triangles for saving material. ..15 6.5.3 Tensile triangles for optimization of fibre orientation ..17 6.5.4 Example of the Method of Tensile Triangles: shoulder fillet. .18 Bibliography .20 @ IS0 2015 - All rights reserved ii